What makes height

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There is a lot of variation; brothers or sisters with the same parents will not all end up the same height and parents can, by chance, have a child who is unexpectedly tall or short in relation to the rest of the family. Illnesses or poor nutrition during childhood or being small or premature at birth may mean children do not reach their full potential adult height. The average height of the population has gradually increased over the centuries because children have been better nourished and have had fewer illnesses and infections.

The fastest period of growth is before birth, with the baby growing from almost zero to a length of about 50cm in nine months. This speed falls after birth with an average growth of 5. During puberty, growth speeds up again.

This is called the pubertal growth spurt. Before puberty, boys and girls grow at similar speeds, but during puberty boys grow more than girls. The average height of an adult man is 14cm taller than the average height of an adult woman. Bones increase in length because of growth plates in the bones called epiphyses.

As puberty progresses, the growth plates mature, and at the end of puberty they fuse and stop growing. The whole of the skeleton does not stop growing at the same time; hands and feet stop first, then arms and legs, with the last area of growth being the spine. Growth slows down and stops when a child has gone all the way through puberty and has reached an adult stage of development.

After the growth plates fuse, there is no more increase in height, and we all then shrink gradually as we get older. There are also variations in the height of each individual population, and most people who are very short or very tall are completely healthy, but just at the top or bottom end of the normal range for that particular population. A medical problem that affects growth is more likely if a child is growing slower or faster than expected.

Almost everyone who is very tall is normal and has no medical problems. Marfan syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome can cause very tall stature, and extremely rare tumours of the pituitary gland producing too much growth hormone can result in very rapid growth gigantism. A doctor should be consulted if a child is growing slower or faster than expected or appears to be particularly short or tall relative to other children of the same age.

If a child is not growing normally, the cause is normally investigated. Treatment for a medical condition or a hormone deficiency will help the child to catch up and grow nearer to their potential adult height. Environmental factors like nutrition and exercise also play a role in your growth and development.

Your height is pretty much set once you reach age During puberty, you can maximize healthy growth by eating a balanced diet, staying active, and getting enough sleep each night. Sitting at a desk 8 or more hours a day takes a toll on your body. To relieve and minimize pain, follow these basic posture pointers. Plus, tips for…. What are the physical symptoms of stress? It's not as easy as checking in with your brain, sometimes you need to listen to your….

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Medically reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D. When you stop growing What you can do before age 18 What you can do now tl;dr We include products we think are useful for our readers. Share on Pinterest. Why do you stop growing in your teens? What can you do about your height right now? The bottom line.